-500

Classical <br>Greece

Crete developed the first European civilization (Minoan) which linked the culture of Africa and Asia with Europe while Greece from 499 BC until 323 BC (the beginning of the Persian wars until the death of Alexander the Great) experienced a rapid flourishing civilization that transformed completely art and science and managed to free the human mind -for the first time in history- from supernatural and superstition.

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In Greece the idea of vast was considered obsolete and instead of that, people would crave for perfection. Harmony and grace were added to the dull architecture and sculpture of Egypt and the East, literature and all the forms of free thinking was supported. The world inherited from Greece timeless immortal works, tragedies, comedies and historical narratives. Grammar and rhetoric, novels, biographies, history and romance, all of them are Greek inventions. For the first time there would be organized schools for tertiary education. Mathematics, astronomy, Physics, Medicine would be received from the East and Egypt and would advance in a superior level, while new social sciences would be created, like philosophy and ethics, which are not based on fear and supernatural forces. With the birth of democracy, humans stopped to be docile and became citizen with the right of independent thought.

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Gyms and stadiums, Olympic games, the conception of self-adequacy, the general belief towards health and natural life, the technical use of metal, the progressive advance of engineering, the methods of economy, the thousands Greek words and terms which exist in every alphabet, politics, astronomical systems are also Greek achievements. Among other, Eratosthenes mapped the surface of the earth, Anaxagoras and Empedoklis had prepared the theory of evolution, Aristotle has exerted a unique influence on almost every form of knowledge in the West, laying the foundations of meteorology, zoology and botanic. Hippocrates released medicine from mysticism and superstition, Socrates, Plato and Aristotle laid the foundation of west philosophy; With Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides and Aristophanes the theatre flourished and became the most sophisticated form of art.

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Alexander the Great will spread Greek civilization to the depths of Asia, Rome will receive the culture and will spread it across the Mediterranean, so as it was said: Greece is going to be the glorious morning of Western civilization, which despite of its defects, it is our nourishment and our life.

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